Free Essays on Cowboys

â€Å"Should have been A Cowboy†, a popular kit country song of the mid 90’s, broke out on the charts making people think back on their lifestyles. But in fact, do people view cowboys as the hero who has no trouble or worry, or the real cowboy lifestyle as rugged and dirty, struggling to survive. Cowboys were mounted herders hired by cattle owners in the United States to look after their livestock. Cowboys kept the cattle together, guided them to pasture, prevented their being mixed with other cattle, protected them from thieves, branded them, and drove them to shipping points. The long trips across the west seem to people today as a long horse ride with occasional campfires and beautiful scenery. This is the image I have always had about cowboys, but boy was I wrong. Between stampedes and Indians a cowboy had hardly enough time to enjoy the scenery. Nights were cold and lonesome. They were dirty and mean which seemed to be the key to their survival. Cowboys were faces with many hardships such as thievesfe tended to develop rough-and-ready virtues, as well as extraordinary skill in horsemanship and marksmanship. These qualities have acquired an almost legendary character in numerous tales and songs, making the cowboy a symbol of a hero in the United States and abroad.... Free Essays on Cowboys Free Essays on Cowboys â€Å"Should have been A Cowboy†, a popular kit country song of the mid 90’s, broke out on the charts making people think back on their lifestyles. But in fact, do people view cowboys as the hero who has no trouble or worry, or the real cowboy lifestyle as rugged and dirty, struggling to survive. Cowboys were mounted herders hired by cattle owners in the United States to look after their livestock. Cowboys kept the cattle together, guided them to pasture, prevented their being mixed with other cattle, protected them from thieves, branded them, and drove them to shipping points. The long trips across the west seem to people today as a long horse ride with occasional campfires and beautiful scenery. This is the image I have always had about cowboys, but boy was I wrong. Between stampedes and Indians a cowboy had hardly enough time to enjoy the scenery. Nights were cold and lonesome. They were dirty and mean which seemed to be the key to their survival. Cowboys were faces with many hardships such as thievesfe tended to develop rough-and-ready virtues, as well as extraordinary skill in horsemanship and marksmanship. These qualities have acquired an almost legendary character in numerous tales and songs, making the cowboy a symbol of a hero in the United States and abroad....

Graduate Admissions Interviews with Current Grad Students

Graduate Admissions Interviews with Current Grad Students Graduate school interviews are challenging and make even the most qualified applicants nervous. Interviews are most common in graduate programs offering doctoral and professional degrees. Dont fret if a few weeks pass after the application deadline and you have heard nothing from the graduate program. Not all graduate programs interview applicant finalists. If you are invited for an interview, however, remember its dual purposes. Interviews offer graduate programs the opportunity to meet you, consider you as a person apart from your application, and evaluate your fit to the program. Many applicants focus so much on pleasing the admissions committee that they forget that interviews serve a second purpose - to determine if the graduate program is right for you. Keep your own interests in mind as you visit the campus and participate in the interview. Evaluate the graduate program to determine if it will meet your training needs. Prepare for a Range of Interviewers As you prepare for your interview consider the various people you will meet and plan accordingly. For each, consider what they are looking for. We have discussed common questions to expect from professors and admissions committees as well as appropriate questions to ask them. Many applicants, however, do not realize that graduate students  usually have a role in admissions decisions. Certainly, they do not make the decisions themselves but they provide input and faculty usually trust and value their input. Graduate students might interview applicants one-on-one or in groups. They will ask about your research interests, with which faculty youd most like to work, and your ultimate career goals. Prepare Questions for Current Graduate Students Its easy to forget your dual purposes in interviewing, but keep in mind your goal of learning whether the graduate program is a good match to you. Current graduate students are a very important source of information. Ask questions to learn about the following: About Coursework: What is the coursework like? Do all entering graduate students take the same classes? Are enough classes offered? About Professors: Who are the most active professors?  Who works with students? Do one or two professors take on a great many students? Are any professors only on the books? That is, do any professors travel so extensively or teach classes so infrequently that they are unavailable to students? Take care in asking this. Living Conditions: Where do students live? Are there adequate housing opportunities? Is housing affordable? What is the community like? Do students need cars? Is there parking? Research: Ask grad students about their research interests (theyll likely enjoy talking about their work). How much independence are they afforded? Do they work primarily on faculty research or are they encouraged and supported in developing their own lines of research? Do they present their work at conferences? Do they receive funding to travel and present at conferences? Do they publish with faculty? How do students acquire mentors? Are mentors assigned? Dissertation: What is the typical dissertation like? What are the steps to completing a dissertation? Is it simply a proposal and defense or are there other opportunities to check in with the dissertation committee? How do students choose committee members? How long do most students take to complete the dissertation? Is there funding for dissertations? Funding: How do they fund their studies? Do most students get funding? Are there opportunities for assistantships, research or teaching? Do students work as adjunct instructors at the college or at nearby colleges? Do any students work outside of school? Is outside work permitted? Is there an official or unofficial ban on graduate students working off-campus? Climate: Do students spend time together after class? Is there a sense of competitiveness? Remember Your Place Remember that graduate students might not be able to answer all of these questions. Tailor your questions to the situation and the openness of the students with whom you are interviewing. Above all, it is critical to remember that your graduate student interviewers are not your friends. They will relay most or all of the conversation to the admissions committee. Avoid negativity. Dont curse or use vulgar language. Sometimes applicants may be invited to a social event, such as a party or gathering at a bar. Consider this an opportunity to learn about relationships among graduate students. Remember, however, that they are not your friends. Dont drink. If you must, one. Youre being studied and evaluated even if theyre friendly. Not to make you paranoid but the reality is that you are not yet peers. There is a power differential that you need to recognize and respect.

Phrmceuticl Indutry Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Phrmceuticl Indutry - Case Study Example t the me time, product lifecycle re hortening becue of increing competition within the different therpeutic ctegorie. In 1998, in the UK, phrmceuticl R&D expenditure w 3.54bn, lmot third of totl UK expenditure on R&D. The bpi clim tht the UK phrmceuticl indutry invet more thn 20% of it totl turnover in R&D nd i reponible for over 70% of phrmceuticl reerch within the UK. (Coyne , 2005, pp.88-121) The increing cot of drug R&D, coupled with increing cot rtionlition nd control in helthcre ytem throughout the world, h fuelled the huge mount of cquiition nd merger ctivity within the indutry, which h now reched nother tge. The greement to merge in Jnury 2000 of the UK indutry leder Glxo Wellcome with mithKline Beechm, to form Glxo mithKline in $76bn meg-merger, will hve n enormou impct on the UK mrket, not let on indutry employment the compny rtionlie opertion. lmot ll the other mjor phrmceuticl compnie operting in the UK hve undergone or re in the proce of undergoing merger nd cquiition, including trZenec, Pfizer nd Wrner Lmbert, hire nd Robert, nd Celltech with Chirocience nd Medev. The mrket i divided into two ector: precription-only medicine (POM) nd over-the-counter (OTC) medicine. POM re obtined only with precription from qulified medicl profeionl nd dipened only by regitered phrmcit in licened phrmcy outlet. Promotion of precribed phrmceuticl i extremely limited, being confined to dvertiing in profeionl journl. The vt mjority of precribed phrmceuticl in the UK re precribed through the Ntionl Helth ervice (NH). ccording to the bpi, UK expenditure per peron on precription medicine, t round 88 per yer, i low in comprion to other mjor Europen countrie - only round hlf tht of Frnce or Germny. However, the proportion of expenditure on drug in the NH i riing, in pite ttempt to contin cot. It roe from 8.7% of the totl NH budget in 1980 to 12.7% in 1997. The proportion of people exempt from NH precription chrge h lo rien tedily, from 60% of ll precription in the 1970 to more thn 85% in 1998. (Coyne , 2005, pp.88-121) In recent yer, the NH h been in n lmot contnt tte of finncil crii, which h led to evere budgeting problem. There h been widepred reporting of o-clled rtioning' of certin drug, leding to lottery of cre' where the vilbility of tretment cn be dependent on the ptient' helth uthority. The UK i reported to be the highet uer of cheper generic drug in Europe, well being the lowet uer of new drug - with the proportion of generic drug precribing hving rien from 41% in 1991 to more thn 60% in 1997. (Coyne , 2005, pp.88-121) In contrt, the mrket for OTC phrmceuticl i conumer orientted. Certin product, deignted phrmcy-only product, do not require precription but cn only be old t licened phrmcy under the uperviion of regitered phrmcit. Other product, deignted generl le lit (GL), cn be obtined t wide vriety of retil outlet with no requirement for phrmcy or phrmcit. Multimedi promotion of GL product i widely permitted. Min medi dvertiing expenditure for OTC phrmceuticl (excluding vitmin nd upplement nd medicl good), roe from 97m in 1998 to 116.8m in 1999, n incree of 20.3%.(Mrci , 2004, pp.109-111) The NH will continue to be under preure for the foreeeble future, with the demnd of n increingly geing popultion on one hnd nd the introduction of new therpie on the other. The OTC mrket will be fuelled by the increing number of drug (often well known) entering the OTC

Competitive Advantage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Competitive Advantage - Research Paper Example While there exists competitors that constitute operational threats for Tim’s Coffee Shoppe, the coffee shop has managed to outperform its competitors in various aspects. In its line of operation, Tim’s Coffee Shoppe remains committed to the goal of satisfying its customers. This is in line with the primary objective of capturing a substantial market share in the industry within which the company operates. By comparing Tim’s Coffee Shoppe with the two identified competitors in the matrix above, the strengths and weaknesses that characterize the company’s operations are highlighted. Tim’s Coffee Shoppe’s operational quality is not the best in town. However, this matches Queequeg’s Coffee quality level, but it is outperformed by Tim Hortons. In general, the quality associated with Tim’s Coffee Shoppe is desirable. It accounts for a given level of the coffee shop’s strengths. Although the strength therein is relatively limited, there is room for improvement. By evaluating the outperformer’s operations and quality management practices, Tim’s Coffee Shoppe can enhance its quality strength. The outlets owned and managed by Tim’s Coffee Shoppe constitute a substantial strength for this coffee operator. In fact, this strength outperforms that of its competitors. Tim’s Coffee Shoppe is located in close proximity with busy and high demand areas like railways and universities. While both competitors have more locations than Tim’s Coffee Shoppe, their locations are not as strategically placed as those of Tim’s Coffee Shoppe. In this respect, Tim’s Coffee Shoppe enjoys an operational advantage over its competitors. Employees are essential drivers of the operations undertaken by any given company. Even with the need for Tim’s Coffee Shoppe to outperform its competitors, the company has not adequately addressed employee issues. Employee reorganization and the observance of management dynamics are vital from time to time, as an

Music and Brain Development Essay Example for Free

Music and Brain Development Essay There are three major perspectives on the positive impact of music education to the core curricula in school. The study on how music shares value to brain development has opened new views for all educators. According to the study of Neurological Research in February 1997, music develops abstract reasoning skills needed for the learning process of children in math and science. It was proven that training in music is more efficient than computer learning for teaching math and science skills (Peretz and Zatorre, 2005).   It was reported that music training could be more effective than computer instruction for teaching these skills. The findings were the result of a two year experiment with preschoolers by Rauscher et. Al. Wriht et al in 1997, compared the effects of musical and non-musical training on intellectual development as a follow-up to their studies on music can enhance spatial-reasoning. They concluded that music enhanced brain functions that were required for learning mathematics, science and engineering (Brust, 2003). Several studies have suggested that beginning music training early corresponds to greater growth in certain areas of the brain (Schlang et al, 2003). For example, researchers in Germany identified the planum temporale, a part of the left hemisphere as the region of the brain responsible for the perfect pitch and speech. This term used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look at the planun temporale in non-musicians and professional musicians, some with perfect pitch and some without it. They discovered that the planum temporale in those with perfect pitch was twice as large as the other groups. Also with perfect pitch has started a music lesson before age seven. Rauscher et al. (1997) found that musicians had thicker nerve fibers in the corpus callosum, the part of the brain that carries signals between the two hemispheres, if they started keyboard training before the age of seven. Babo (2001) discussed, researchers, work at the University of Konstanz in Germany which focused that exposure to music helped to rewire neural circuits. They concluded that the brains of pianists were more efficient at making skilled movements than the brains of others. These findings suggested that musical training could enhance brain function (Trainor and Schmidt, 2003). Schlaug et al. (1995) used MRI to discover that musicians who started studying music before the age of 7 had regions in their brains (the corpus callosum and the right motor cortex) that were larger than corresponding regions in both non-musicians and musicians whose training began at a later age. However, in response to questions about his study, Schlaug et al preferred not to recommend when music should be taught, since some very skilled musicians began performing in their twenties or thirties. Schlaug et al. also reported that most musicians who have perfect pitch started music lessons before the age of seven. However, according to Diamond and Hopson (1998), early music training is associated with more growth in this one particular brain region. if training starts later or is absent altogether, perfect pitch rarely shows up (p. 4). Zatorre (2003) reported evidence that infants are born with nervous systems devoted exclusively to music. Studies are showing that early and ongoing musical training can help organize and develop children’s brains. In a study to determine the effect of systematic prenatal musical stimulation by observing musical behaviors exhibited between birth and 6, Fujioka et al (2006) found that infants who received systematic prenatal musical stimulation exhibited â€Å"remarkable attention behaviors.   Those infants could imitate accurately sounds made by adults (including non-family members), and appear to structure vocalization much earlier than infants who did not have prenatal musical training (p. 21).   Only quite the researches focused on the prenatal musical training of the fetus. Personal Reflection I believe that musicians have more active contribution to brain development because they are required to perform in more complex sequences of finger movements. Musicians are regularly adapting to decisions on tempo, tone, style, rhythm, phrasing and feeling-training the brain to become incredibly good at organizing and performing a lot of activities all at the same time. Musicians in my point of view, exercise orchestration that have better payoff for lifelong attention skills, intelligence and skills in self-knowledge and self-expression. In my own opinion, there is a significant relationship between music and brain development. There is an interrelationship between music and education because of the eight basic intelligences:   linguistic; logical-mathematical; spatial; bodily-kinesthetic; musical; interpersonal; intrapersonal; and naturalist. Although, these intelligences are different from musical intelligences:emotional, spiritual and cultural than the other kinds of intelligences. Most importantly, he assumed that music could help some organize the way they think and work by helping them develop in other areas, such as math, language, and spatial reasoning. Gardner criticized school districts that sacrificed music in children’s education, calling them â€Å"arrogant and ignorant about the value of music education† (p. 142). Essay 2-The Mozart Effect Rauscher et al. (1993) used the term Mozart effect to describe the results of their study on the relationship between music and spatial task performance. It is based on the ears role in the development of movement, balance, language and pre-verbal communication as well as the integration of neurological responses stimulated by music The Mozart effect also refers to the way music is used to enhance the quality of life. For example, music helps children in obtaining good health, education, and creativity (Cjabris, 1999).   Rauscher et al. (1997) gave a group of college students three 10-minute-long sets of standard IQ spatial reasoning tasks: listening to a Mozart sonata for two pianos, listening to a relaxation tape, and sitting through silence. The results showed that the individuals who listened to Mozart had a distinct advantage in spatial task performance. Steele et al (1999) noted that students performed better on the abstract/spatial reasoning tests after listening to Mozart than after listening to either the relaxation tape or to nothing† (p. 2). Although conditions differed significantly between music, silence, and relaxation, Shaw and his colleagues were careful to qualify the study results. Although spatial reasoning test scores rose as a result of listening to Mozarts piano sonata in D major (K488), the effects were temporary. Jenkins (2001) noted that the enhancing effect of the music condition is temporary, and does not extend beyond the 10-15 minute period during which subjects were engaged in each spatial task (Rauscher et al., 1993, p. 2). The authors posed several questions for further research: â€Å"Could varying the amount of listening time optimize the Mozart effect? Could listening to Mozart also enhance other intelligence measures such as short-term memory, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning? Would other kinds of music have an effect on IQ performance† (p. 2)? Though the answers to these questions were unclear, the authors concluded that music lacking in complexity failed to enhance performance. They also concluded that the complexity of Mozarts music was responsible for its enhancing effect. Rauscher et al. replicated and extended these findings in 1995. They used the same tasks used in their first experiment but extended the types of listening examples used. College students were divided into 3 groups: those exposed to silence, the same Mozart music used in the 1993 study, and a piece by Philip Glass. As before, the Mozart group showed a significant increase in spatial IQ scores. Tomatis, a French physician, psychologist, and educator, researched the connection between early childhood development in the 1960s and the music of Mozart (Jenkins, 2001). College students listened to a Mozart sonata, then performed complicated visual tasks involving cutting and folding paper. However, there was no difference in the way these tasks were performed by either the students who listened to the sonata or the control groups who just relaxed before taking the test or listened to other kinds of music. Schellenberg (2006) pointed out that the studies on music instruction insubstantial overall because researchers only tried to repeat and extend their findings. For example, no one knew exactly which kind of musical training produced results and which kinds did not, who benefited most from it, and how long any intellectual gains resulting from music training lasted. In another study, Chabris (1999) reviewed previous studies and compared the effects of the Mozart recordings. Results revealed a statistically insignificant increase in the ability of individuals to complete tasks requiring spatial visualization skills and abstract reasoning. Chabris noted that if listening to Mozart improves cognitive performance at all, its by improving overall cognitive arousal and concentration. It shouldnt be viewed as an intellectual miracle drug (p. 1). Steele (2001) agreed with Chabris, by stating that â€Å"there is a problem with the concept of classical music as Gatorade for the brain† (p. 1). A number of other researchers (Crncec et al, 2006) supported the belief that classical music does not increase basic intelligence. Rauscher, et l (1995) noted that because many researchers only measured the effect on general intelligence instead of on spatial-temporal abilities, they failed when they tried to repeat the original experiment. In 1995, Rauscher et al. replicated this study and again found that spatial-temporal reasoning improved after listening to the Mozart Sonata. Though daily exposure to Mozart’s music produced daily increases in scores, this effect did not apply to all styles of music or to all areas of intelligence. For example, Phillip Glass’ minimalist music did not enhance spatial-temporal reasoning. Further, the students’ scores did not improve when they performed a short-term memory task after listening to Mozart. Rauscher et al. (1999) concluded that â€Å"although the Mozart effect is intriguing and holds great promise for further explorations into the transfer of musical processing to other domains of reasoning, merely listening to music probably does not lead to lasting enhancement of spatial-temporal intelligence. Listening to music is a passive experience for most people, and does not require the involvement that actively creating music does† (p. 2).   This observation led researchers to suspect that actively creating music has greater benefits for spatial temporal intelligence than simply listening to it. Combining separate elements of an object into a whole or arranging them in a specific order are spatial-temporal operations. They require successive steps, which are dependent upon previous steps. Spatial-logical operations also require recognition of similarities or differences among objects and are generally one-step processes. For example, a child who is asked to classify objects according to their color or shape would be performing a spatial-logical operation. The Rauscher et al. (1999) model predicted that music training may increase spatial-temporal task scores, but not necessarily spatial-logical tasks. These studies did suggest casual relationships between music and spatial task performance. The authors concluded that music education was helpful for maximum cognitive development by demonstrating that music could improve the intellectual functioning of children. Personal Reflection In my own opinion, the study in Mozart effect is a new proof of music’s education and its importance. Since it is believed to development a child’s IQ, schools must offer music programs to help their students in a very substantial way. Music educators should work towards the inclusion of music education in the curriculum of public education. Also, the publics perception of music education must be altered so that policymakers in education are forced to provide for conditions where music education may thrive. Many educators and researchers posit that music should be a more central part of   the school curriculum in light of studies that demonstrate a relationship between music and intellectual growth. Also, tentative research findings in support of music education have shown that people believe that there is an essential value to learning about music. Diamond (1998) argued that learning to play an instrument could increase a childs capacity for voluntary attention (p. 7), while Porter (1998) concluded that music can teach â€Å"discipline, care, concentration, and perseverance† (p. 7). Music Learning and Memory for Music When memory for a sequence of visually presented letters is tested, the marked recency effect that characterizes studies of the PAS system is absent. Nonetheless, clear evidence of phonological coding is found in the form of a marked effect of phonological similarity ( Schlkind et al, 2003). auditory input. Further evidence for the interaction between self-generated phonological codes and auditory input is, of course, offered by the irrelevant speech effect. Performance is impaired by unwanted spoken material, with the crucial feature of the material being its phonological rather than its semantic characteristics, again suggesting that the interaction is occurring at a common phonological level ( Dowling, 1994). It should be pointed out at this stage, however, that the nature of the irrelevant sound is crucial. While speech in a foreign language is quite disruptive to performance, white noise is not, even when the intensity of the noise is pulsed so as to resemble the intensity envelope of the speech signal that has been shown to disrupt memory ( Dowling et al, 1995). The fact that memory is more disrupted by vocal than by nonvocal music might seem to suggest that the system is essentially speech based. It is possible, however, that the greater disruption by speech reflects the nature of the primary task, namely remembering digits, a task that is likely to operate principally in terms of the spoken names of the digits. It is entirely conceivable that a different primary task would lead to a different degree of disruption. One possibility then might be to look at studies investigating memory for environmental sounds. Unfortunately, the evidence in this area seems to be relatively sparse. Deutsch (2004) showed that their patient was better at remembering environmental sounds than spoken digits, but, unfortunately, it is possible that the task was done by first identifying the sounds and then remembering them semantically. Personal Reflection . Thinking of music memory as schematic is probably accurate for many of the interactions that both trained and untrained people have with music. However, recently I have become interested in the nature of representation when memory for music is essentially perfect. Whereas it appears that the majority of work in music cognition has examined short-term memory, I would like to examine longterm memory. By this I mean that I am interested in the way well-learned music is represented. People are able to remember a large repertory of music and retain it for many years. What kinds of codes make this retention possible? Clearly, proposing verbal codes in the traditional sense is impractical when trying to understand memory for melody (as opposed to the lyrics in vocal music). Even if we assume that a small minority of musicians can encode tunes in terms of musical structure, motor commands, or musical notation, the successful retention of music by untrained people suggests the existence of other types of durable codes. The explication of those codes has been the goal of my current program of research References    Blood, A., Zatorre, R. (2001). Intensely pleasurable responses to music correlate with activity in brain regions implicated in reward and emotion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,98, 11818-11823. Brust, J. (2003). Music and the neurologist: A historical perspective. In I.Peretz, R. Zatorre (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 181-191). New York: Oxford University Press. Chabris, C (1999). Prelude or requiem for the ‘Mozart effect’? Nature, 400, 6747, 826-7. Crncec, R., Wilson, S., Prior, M. (2006). No evidence for the Mozart effect in children. Music Perception, 23(4), 305- 317. Deutsch, D. (2004). The octave illusion revisited again. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30 (2), 355-364. This article can be downloaded from Psych Info and from the author’s web page. Dowling, W. J. (1994). Melodic contour in hearing and remembering melodies. In R. Aiello (Ed.) Musical perceptions, (pp. 173-190 ). New York: Oxford University Press. Dowling, W. J. , Kwak, S., Andrews, M. ( 1995). The time course of recognition of novel melodies. Perception Psychophysics, 57(2), 136-49. Fujioka, T., Ross, B., Kakigi, R., Pantev, C., Trainor, L. (2006). One year of musical training affects development of auditory cortical-evoked fields in young children. Brain, 129, 2593-2608. This article can be downloaded. Jenkins, J.S. (2001). The Mozart effect. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine,   94,170-172. Patel, A. (2003). Language, music, syntax and the brain. Nature Neuroscience, 6(7), 674-681. This article can be downloaded. discuss it from the neuroscientific perspective. Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (2005). Brain organization for music processing. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 89-114. This article can be downloaded. This is an excellent review. Rauschecker, J. (2003). Functional organization and plasticity of auditory cortex. In Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. (357-365). New York: Oxford University Press. Rauscher, F. (1999). Reply to Prelude or requiem for the â€Å"Mozart effect’? Nature, 400, 6747, 827-8. Schellenberg, E. G.(2005). Music and cognitive abilities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14 (6), 317-320. This article can be downloaded. Schellenberg, E.G. (2006). Long-term positive association between music lessons and IQ. Journal of Education Psychology, 98 (2), 457-468. This article can be downloaded. Schlaug, G. ( 2003). The brain of musicians. In Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. (366-381). New York: Oxford University Press. Schulkind, A., Posner, R., Rubin, D. (2003). Musical features that facilitate melody identification: How do you know it’s â€Å"your† song when they finally play it? Music Perception, 21, (2), 217-249. Steele, K., Dalla Bella, S., Peretz, I., Dunlop, T., Dawe, L., Humphrey, K., Shannon, R., Kirby, J. Jr., Olmstead, C. (1999). Prelude or requiem for the ‘Mozart effect’? Nature, 400, 6747,826-7. Trainor, L., Schmidt, L. (2003). Processing emotions induced by music. In I. Peretz, R. Zatorre (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 310-324). New York: Oxford University Press. Zatorre, R. (2003). Absolute pitch: A model for understanding the influence of genes and development on neural and cognitive function. Nature Neuroscience, 6 (7), pp. 692-695.

Marketing Interview Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing BTEC Coursework

Marketing Interview Many small businesses don’t realize how important their company image really is. The following is a formula for low cost marketing for a small business to create or better their image. To find this formula I interviewed Evan Paull, the owner of a small sign making company based in Annapolis Maryland called ‘Independent Sign Consortium’ or ‘ISC.’ ‘ISC’ was started in 1996 and has had a steady growth ever since. I also interviewed Allison Green, the marketing director of ‘Revisions,’ ‘Revisions’ is based in Baltimore Maryland and is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping the mentally ill. Many small companies believe that a corporate or company image develops all on it’s own. Therefore, they believe the business itself has little or no control over shaping the outcome of the image. Often a company will delay any investment in a public image because they think it’s an expensive luxury. It is only after some bad publicity or a negative event do they relies that some effort needs to be put into improving or defining their look. Of course if you wait until something like this happens the cost is always going to be higher. â€Å"Most successful businesses have a carefully crafted image that separates them from the competition and helps to establish a solid public presence,† remarks Allison Green. A distinct corporate image benefits many aspects of any business. Public relations rely on image to attract new customers and to generate repeat business. Finance departments depend on image to impress investors and shareholders with a sense of stability. Employees feel more secure when a company has a good image. An image should always accurately reflect the substance of a company. However, an image is only a perception, an appearance, a representative look of that substance. Subsequently, as Green says, â€Å"†¦it doesn’t always have to cost an arm and a leg†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to accurately represent the company. Given an unlimited budget, any fat corporation can create a new image or alter an outdated or damaged one. Those of us with more modest resources, given only a camera, a copier and an ink jet printer adding some creativity can do it even better. There are some things on which you should never cut corners, safety regulations or legal issues for example. Looking only at the surface, in this instance, is a good thing as is going for style not ne... ...e business community perceives you. Improve your image and increase your company’s public awareness and your networking by aligning yourself with a nonprofit as well. Have key staff serve as volunteers on the board of directors for one or more worthy causes. Press releases can go a long way to help out your image. News reports will jump on a dramatic news story or an important event. Realistically though, how often does that happen at most organizations. One way to improve the odds of getting your news in the press is to do it yourself. Do the research, find the angle, and write the article. Many reporters will take the easy road rather than write their own article. If they have space and all the work is already done, chances are they will use your story. For even better odds put the article on disc in a format that they use and include a photo. Last but certainly not least â€Å"never apologize on stage. Let people think you paid a lot for something. Don’t volunteer information. Most times no one will know the difference unless you tell them,† Green says. WORKS CITED Paull, Evan D. Personal interview. 22 November 2000 Green, Allison W. Telephone interview. 01 December 2000

Type of particles with dimensions

Nanoparticles include any type of atoms with dimensions of less than 500 nanometres. Nanoparticles play a major function in a assortment of Fieldss including advanced stuffs, pharmaceuticals, and environmental sensing and monitoring, as stated by ( J.B. Donnet et Al 1998 ) . Nanoparticles classified as one of two types, engineered or nonengineered. Engineered nanoparticles are deliberately designed to run into the demands of specific intents, such as chemical or biological. They can be end merchandises of a procedure eg.pharmaceuticals, or ultrafine atoms have tradition ­ally been used by the aerosol research and occupational and environmental wellness communities to depict airborne atoms. Nonengineered nanoparticles are accidentally generated or of course produced, such as burning from firing wood fuel or gasoline from vehicle emanations in the ambiance. Exposure of workers in different environments to assorted hazards nanoparticle engineering exists is legion. Nanoparticle engineering are applied in assorted industries, such as chemical industry catalysts, adhesives, car industry fuel additives, abrasion immune pigment, Health attention, pharmaceuticals, biocompatible stuffs, and building industry merchandises bettering wear-resistance. Occupational exposure bound ( OEL ) is an of import instrument for decrease of exposure to occupational jeopardies and bar of occupational diseases as stated by, M.I. Mikheev ( 1995 ) Toxicology Letters Vol. 77 ( 3 ) , pp 183-187. The intent of ( OEL ) is to move as a precaution in protection of the wellness of individuals in their several working environment from exposure to concentrations good over their allowable exposure bounds. The chief paths of occupational exposure to nanoparticles include inspiration, transdermic desorption and consumption ( BORM et.al, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to ( HOET et.al, 2004 ) the most common and investigated signifier of occupational exposure to nanoparticles is inspiration. A possible hazard arises when a individual within the working environment illustration, chemical industry performs everyday procedure where conditions as possible jeopardies exist. The hazards of nanoparticles are present and enter the human organic structure through one of the assorted paths of exposure and there are interactions of the stuffs with the organic structure ‘s biological systems. There can be inauspicious wellness hazards following exposure to the peculiar substance. Acute and Chronic exposure of the substance associated with the magnitude and dose of the exposure, good above the threshold value and continuity of the stuff in the organic structure. The built-in toxicity of the stuff, and the exposure or wellness position of the individual exposed along with age, sex, will find the type of wellness consequence impacting the worker. Hardman R ( 2006 ) A toxicologic reappraisal of quan ­tum points VOL 2, pp165-172.According to ( Duffin et al. 2007 ) which made mention to the fact that harmonizing to the substance of engineered nanoparticles features will change in footings of toxicity in the biological system of the organic structure and that there are uncertainnesss because the features of nanoparticles may be different from those of larger atoms with the same chemical composing. Inhalation is the most common signifier of exposure taking to respiratory diseases in footings of lung infection due to sedimentation of particulate affair within the respiratory piece of land over a period of clip due to dosage from point of beginning. ( Daigle et al. 2003 ) has made mention to the fact that ultrafine nanoparticles are deposited in the liner of the lungs which is the epithelial cells, to a greater extent than larger atoms of the same substance. The sum deposited in to the lungs increases with take a breathing rate due to strenuous activities and alteration from rhinal pit to talk external respiration. This tends to worsen individuals with bing lung conditions illustration occupational asthma and chronic effects can be linked to mesothelioma or lung malignant neoplastic disease, silicosis. Based on surveies, distinct nano ­particles may come in the blood stream from the lungs and disperse to other variety meats ( Takenaka et al.2001 ) . These indissoluble or low solubility atoms deposited in the pneumonic system are eliminated from the respiratory system by transporting them elsewhere in the organic structure. The motion of these ultrafine atoms in the blood stream could impact endothelial map and promote thrombosis in the arterias and other blood system jobs, including increased blood curdling ( Nemmar et al. 2002 ) , which leads to cardiovascular upsets. Expelled atoms from the lungs into the blood watercourse have effects on cardiovascular physiology, with changes of cardiac beat and arterial diameter. Several epidemiological surveies ( Wichmann et al. , 2000 ) which made mention to ultrafine atoms can go through through the extrapulmonary variety meats via the blood stream. Some atoms can be transported along the centripetal axons to the cardinal nervous systems which affect the encephalon doing neurological effects. The possible for neural consumption and translocation of inhaled particulates and pathogens to the encephalon was researched by ( Oberdorster et al. 2005 ) . Consumption may besides attach to inspiration exposure because atoms that are cleared from the respiratory piece of land via the mucociliary escala ­tor may be swallowed, ( Chen, Z et Al. 2007 ) . Nanoparticles can be straight ingested from H2O, nutrient, pharmaceutical drugs. Consumption can happen from unwilled manus to talk transportation of stuffs, this has been found to go on with established stuffs, and it can be assumed that it besides could go on dur ­ing managing nanomaterials. Harmonizing to research done by ( Behrens et al.2002 ) after consumption ultrafine atoms can be transferred across the enteric wall easy than larger atoms of the same substance. Surveies suggest that nanoparticles could come in the organic structure through the tegument during occupational exposure or through cosmetics. ( Tin ­kle et al. 2003 ) illustrated that atom smaller than 1  µm in diameter may pene ­trate into stamp tegument of the organic structure, and farther stated that it perforate the stratum core ­num barrier by inactive diffusion and local ­ize within the cuticular and cuticular beds within 24 hours. ( Lademann et al. 1999 ) stated that atoms making the corium can be transported to the lymphatic system by macrophages and dendritic cells. This leads to the release of in ­flammatory cytokines, oxidative emphasis, and reduced viability ( Monteiro-Riviere et al. 2005 ) . Skin annoyance has been noted for a few atom types, illustration for semisynthetic mineral fibers. This consequence is greater for larger fibers than smaller fibers. Within the working environment there are hazards, with mention to nanoparticles such as a chemical province as indissoluble atoms or fibers nanoparticles and ultrafine atoms, Diesel fumes, and semisynthetic mineral fibers. Harmonizing to Hannah, W. ( 2008 ) Nanotechnology, hazard and the environment Journal of Environmental Monitoring VOL.10 pp291-300. Research workers agree that ultrafine atoms pose the strongest emerging hazard with respects to occupational exposure. Hazard appraisal is an indispensable measure to find what command degree must be implemented to restrict emanations in the air or H2O and prevent a toxic substance from impacting certain mark variety meats in workers. The control measures must be relative to the hazard ( Roberge et al. 2004 ) . Measures must implemented to guarantee that associated hazards are minimal to workers who might be exposed to nanoparticles through inspiration, transdermic desorption and consumption. There must be applications of hazard appraisal methods from bing informations to the peculiar working environment which is under reappraisal for appraisal. From the appraisal 1 must determine a description of the nanomaterial whether it is engineered or nonengineered, its chemical composing, H2O solubility, aspect ratio, surface alterations and its intended use as stated by ( Aitken RJ et Al. 2006 ) . There must besides be hazard designation in which information is collected about the nanomaterial and its effects on the volume of emanations on the environment, and scattering to environing countries thereby doing wellness effects to individuals at the immediate point of release and besides long range scattering. Helland, A. ( 2008 ) Reviewing the environmental and Human wellness cognition base of C nanotubes Vol.115 pp 1125-1131 The jeopardies which are identified must be categorised, an epidemiological survey in footings of who will be affected that is the workers in the environment, consumers, and other individuals in the general populace. ( Schulte et al. 2008 ) . Invitromethods which refer to local effects on the oculus and tegument, skin pervasion and genotoxicity, invitro proving refers to illustration, possible effects in the respiratory system, particularly the lungs. Inflammation, cytotoxicity or genotoxicity, which contribute to lung toxicity in vivo ( such as fibrosis or tumour formation ) are examined. ( Hess et al.2005 ) . Another jeopardy exists when there is exposure which occurs when a individual within the working environment comes into direct contact with a nanomaterial during a normal procedure or when a nanomaterial is released into the air, H2O, dirt, deposit, nutrient, or a merchandise. Exposure may be followed by existent entry into the organic structure via intake inspiration or consumption or transdermic soaking up though other open tissue, such as the oculus. The nature of the nanomaterial based merchandise may take to assorted paths of exposure. ( Nasterlack, M. et al 2008 ) . Potential hazards must be evaluated and quantified due to the nature and frequence of the jeopardy that is intake emanation concentration and maximal workplace concentration in footings of a high or low dosage. The hazard degree must be adjusted harmonizing to the badness or uncertainnesss of the documented hazard. Harmonizing to ( Singh, S.et al 2007 ) sometimes due to a low frequence of the jeopardy or exposure informations a full quantitative and qualitative appraisal of hazards, can be done, this may be done by comparing the trial stuff to a stuff with well-characterized toxicity judged to be more terrible as a benchmark. After the information would be assessed for divergences in stuff and applications. Risk direction involves cut downing hazard of nanomaterial procedures or merchandises to worlds and the environment. A hazard direction appraisal would supply the sequence to supervise activities, procedures, and dispose of or recycle the merchandise. It besides minimises any possible inauspicious impacts towards individuals and the environment. The degree of protection must be determined and command steps should be proportionate with the hazard. Decisions should be based on bing criterions of wellness and safety, and the effectivity of the chosen control method in cut downing exposure to below the maximal degree determined acceptable in the hazard rating harmonizing to ( Paik, S.Y. ( 2008 ) Application of a Pilot Control Banding Tool for Risk LevelAssessment and Control of Nanoparticle Exposures Vol 52 pp419-428.Health jeopardies identified above illustrates the demand to look into thorough hazard appraisals and fix protocols which include steps for minimising staff exposure. Such s teps include administrative controls and direction determinations for nanoparticles and other risky chemicals must be included in the appraisal. Engineering control techniques such as insulating the gen ­eration beginning from the worker and lo ­cal fumes airing systems must be effectual for restricting airborne nano ­particles. The usage of good work patterns helps in understating worker exposures to nanomaterials, such as forestalling the ingestion of nutrient or drinks in workplaces where nanomaterials are handled. The instruction and preparation of workers in protocols of good work patterns reduces incidents although hazards are present at different procedures. The development of processs and rating of types of exposure to find the choice and type of PPE for employees. Although nanoparticles are present in many workplaces, from beginnings such as procedures, burning, vehicle emanations, when a hazard appraisal is undertaken trying methods may be given to take readings at points other than atom beginning doing it hard to dif ­ferentiate between incidental and caused emanations. Harmonizing to ( Silkoff et al. 2005 ) persons with asthma and long term wellness effects have early noticeable symptoms can non wholly be attributed to nanoparticles, illustration, and familial cistrons. From the research of ( Takenaka et al.2001 ) at that place needs to be detailed research saying if the ultrafine nanoparticles which transrelocate to variety meats organic structure from the lungs are more prevailing to engineered or non engineered and if the ultrafine are more toxic than the larger versions of the said substance which causes amendss to cell construction. Although from the research done by ( Tin ­kle et al. 2003 ) , which gave a value of atom smaller than 1  µm in diameter may pene ­trate the cuticular beds of the tegument it does non print information as to the concentration of toxicity towards the several beds of the tegument to do annoyance and besides research on the cuticular exposure of nanomaterials is ongoing. ( Wichmann et al. 2000 ) in their research made reference of ultrafine atoms altering location from organ to organ via the blood watercourse but did non uncover any informations about the continuance of these within the organic structure peculiarly the liver and kidneys, since these organ remove toxins from the blood watercourse, or after digestion as most nanoparticles are expelled from the system via faces. Little is known about possible inauspicious effects from the consumption of nanomaterials. Another country which warrants research is the transportation of nanoparticles across the placenta, the exposure which is critical to fetal development. Within some states Government face an inevitable undertaking in maintaining up to day of the month with the hazards which nanomaterial airs to the population and the environment due to inefficiency of information. There are betterments in nanoparticles development which offer a broad scope of chances particularly in footings of medical research for sensing, diagnosing and intervention of diseases. Research has besides begun in utilizing nanoparticles in term of environmental decontamination.

Key Stakeholders of Sara Lee Company

Stakeholders are often considered the lifeline of a company. They share a common interest in the health and well being of a company and often support a company financially and morally. Within any organization key stakeholders include individuals and groups within the organization that have a ‘stake' in the well-being or overall success of the organization. Stakeholder's aim is to make sure a company deliver positive results and remain viable through its product and service offerings. Stakeholders often have much say in an organizations daily functioning. They may influence the products or services that a company offers and may influence programs or organizational systems. Key stakeholders at Sara Lee come primarily from within the company. They key players at Sara Lee include members of management and employees but also some external clients including suppliers. Other stakeholders that may share a vested interest in the company include community members, investors, internal and external customers and even board members. Each of these groups has a different ‘stake' in the company. For example a supplier group interested in the well being of the company include a group of roughly 5,000 farmers that provide coffee, banana, beans and vanilla to the company from Uganda (Sara Lee, 2005). These stakeholders will continue to profit as long as Sara Lee continues to do well and continues to utilize their services. Since Sara Lee's product market is so diverse and includes food, apparel and household brands (Singh, 2003) the company's stakeholder base is quite large. The multinational corporation has key stakeholders in many other countries across the globe including employees and managers in Europe possibly India in the near future. Joint ventures and acquisitions over time have also increased Sara Lee's stakeholder base to include representatives from companies partnering with Sara Lee such as Consolidated Grocers Corporation, Oxford Chemical Corporation, Adams-Mills Corporation, Nutri-Metics, and Hills Bros. and more (Singh, 2003). As Sara Lee continues to grow and acquire other companies its key stakeholder base will continue to grow. Other important members include board members and investors in the company, as well as the corporation's top managers including the CEO and COO of the company (Singh, 2003). As long as net sales continue to reach new heights, which they do, the company can rest assured that the majority of their stakeholder's interests will be met time and time again. Shareholders are also important stakeholders at Sara Lee (Singh, 2003). The company's shareholder base continues to grow as the company continues to expand into global markets. While internal stakeholders may help provide balance and insight into ongoing operations, external stakeholders including suppliers are equally important because they can information management of emerging challenges or trends within the industry that may have to be overcome. Organizations partnering with Sara Lee may also be considered stakeholders in the organization. The founder of the company Nathan Cummings is also a key stakeholder in the company that continually invests toward the companies continuing success and future (Singh, 2003). Even HP Corporation may be considered a key stakeholder in Sara Lee's success. HP Corporation currently supplies Sara Lee with services and support for more than 300 computer based systems and telecom networks (HP, 2005).

Lawyers obligation etc essays

Lawyers obligation etc essays There are times when the ethical/moral obligation of confidentiality seems to be absolute. One of these is, and must be, that between a recognized confessorpriest, rabbi, ministerand the person confessing. Whether there are or should be exceptions to this is debatable; does the confessor have an obligation to make known an individual's intent to commit murder, for instance, or the fact that a murder has already been committed' It is interesting, and, while not the subject here, may shed some light on the ethical basis for confidentiality between lawyer and client. In addition, for lawyers, the obligation of confidentiality is a formally imposed obligation (as for priests). In fact, religion as known for the past couple thousand years would not be what it is without it, a mechanism for cleansing souls, among other things. Just so, the system of British jurisprudence would not be what it is without the obligation of confidentiality, through which the deeds and misdeeds of men can be weighed by human scales. The obligation of confidentiality means, in a purely utilitarian sense, that the adversary must diligently pursue truth. With luck, the give and take, again in a utilitarian sense, will produce that, For example, if a lawyer is to represent a client he or she knows is guiltyand if any lawyer taking the case would know the same thing because of a confession or a video or other solid evidentiary materialwithout confidentiality, that accused person could not obtain representation, never mind justice. In turn, that would throw the concept of English jurisprudence into turmoil. It would, in fact, virtually eliminate the need for trial by jury in some casesor even in many casesand that would prevent the refinements of law that exist in assessing and assigning de...

How You Can Avoid Millennial Burnout

How You Can Avoid Millennial Burnout Millennials, contrary to some bad press, are actually kicking butt and taking names. They’re running marathons, shooting to the top of start-ups, and buying homes before the age of 30. But they’re also burning out at alarming rates. Working intensely long hours throughout one’s 20s can have a cumulative effect: exhaustion. This is partly due to unrealistic expectations, comparing yourself unfairly to other peers who are doing â€Å"better,† or not being able to disconnect or achieve the elusive work/life balance. Or it could be just not having a job you love.Here are some strategies for how to avoid or alleviate millennial burnout and keep yourself on the path to great success.Take TimeMillennials might not be as lazy or as entitled as the internet claims they are, but they are more accustomed to instant gratification. Do yourself a favor and don’t expect to catapult to the top right away. Promotions don’t come easy- or necessarily at rapid s peed. Don’t let the fact that you aren’t moving up immediately make you feel under-appreciated or unsatisfied. Take a look around at people you admire and find out how long it took them to get where they are. Then give yourself the appropriate time to reach your loftiest goals.DisconnectMillennials tend to be utterly glued to their devices. And some jobs expect you to be â€Å"on† at all times. Find a way to set limits on your time, turn off notifications, or set yourself a few phoneless hours per day.Say â€Å"No†Perhaps the quickest way to burn out is to say yes to every request that’s made of you. You don’t have to agree to absolutely every favor asked in order to make it to where you want to be. Set yourself some boundaries. Say yes only when you have the time to do something well- and without resentment.MonotaskIn a culture that prizes multitasking skills, learn how to monotask. You’ll be surprised at how much your productivity i ncreases when you slow down and focus on one thing at a time.DelegateAs much as you want to be in control to make sure things are done right, you can’t possibly handle every detail of every project. Learn what others can do and learn to delegate those tasks to them. That way you can concentrate on the really challenging tasks you know you need to oversee. You could even find a buddy to split meeting attendance with- you go to one, they go to the other, and you compare notes, saving yourselves the extra time.Get MentoredA little humility goes a long way. Finding a mentor or trusted superior with whom you can confide before you hit the full-on burn-out stage is crucial. Be honest about where you’re at and open to figuring out what changes you could make to fix it.Add JoySo you have to take a business trip, or run an errand. Try to find a way to make it more enjoyable around the edges. Ask for a day or two on either end of the trip to recuperate or sight see, say. And use your vacation days. When you get back to the desk, focus on what you really love about your job- and concentrate on those tasks for a week or so.Mentor BackGiving back is a great way to remind ourselves how great we have it. Try to help out or have coffee with someone trying to break into your field. You’ll be surprised at the warm fuzzies it could give you to give advice.RechargeFind means of recharging daily- set aside at least 5 to 10  minutes to do something that truly calms and satisfies you. It’s also extremely helpful to have a creative outlet outside the workplace that has nothing to do with your job.Be RealisticDon’t set yourself up for failure. Keep those high expectations in check by limiting your to-do list to the realm of reasonable possibility. Figure out the ways in which your expectations are getting the better of you, and trim back a bit. If you give yourself the room to succeed, you will.

International Trade Contracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Trade Contracts - Essay Example As noted by Hannold, both English law and the CISG maintain that if a sales contract stipulates that the seller deliver the goods to the carrier or buyer at a specific location and time, and if the goods are delivered in the required condition, risk of damage passes from the seller to either the buyer or the carrier (depending on whom they were delivered to).2 In this case, and as is evident from the fact that B contracted directly with C, with S being responsible for the delivery of the wine to C at a specified place (quayside) the risk of damaged passed from S to C. In other words, as per both English law and the United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods, B cannot sue S who rightly claimed that his responsibility ended at the quayside. While B cannot sue S, he is entitled to sue C. The validation of the aforementioned assertion necessitates a brief review of relevant CIF terms, English law and case law. In accordance with the CIF contractual matrix, and as further supported by the laws governing marine transport and insurance, inclusive within the parameters of contracts for the maritime transport of goods is a guarantee that the goods will be delivered in the condition that they were originally delivered to the carrier in. In further guarantee of the stated, and as established by both English law and CIF terms, an insurance policy covering the economic value of the transported goods is included within such contracts.3 In direct reference to B's case, the implication here is that upon his entrance into contract with C for the delivery of the wine, and given that the assumption here is that S delivered them to C in the required condition, C is liable for the damages. The fact that B is entitled to hold C liable for the damages to the wine and is in a position to sue him according is further established by English case law. In Bayview Motors Ltd -v- Mitsui Marine and Fire Insurance Co., et al., [2002] the buyer contracted for a consignment of motor vehicles, whose specifications were clearly outlined in the contract. However, the goods he ultimately received were non-confirming consequent to the fact that they had been damaged during shipment. The seller successfully proved that the goods he had delivered to the carrier met the contractual requirements and therefore, established passage of risk. The buyer, thus, sued the carrier and the court found in favour of the claimant and held the carrier responsible for the damages.4 The aforementioned case is immediately relevant to the one at hand, insofar as it invaluably aids in the identification of the party responsible for the damaged consignment. Quite simply stated, passage of risk applied upon S's delivery of the goods to C in the required condition. The fact is that the goods were damaged during shipment and irrespective of whether C or his master of ship knew of the presence of the AFWA, the law is clear: C is responsible for the damages once he took possession of the goods at the quayside and, especially since S delivered them in the required condition. To this extent and given both the parameters of English law and CIF, B is entitled to sue C. (2) Even though, as previously stated, B is not responsible for t

Challenging Banning Boxing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Challenging Banning Boxing - Essay Example Lately, health and fitness-conscious people have included boxing in their exercise regimen since it also increases stamina and makes dieting more effective. People's interest in boxing increases as years pass by. More kids would want to follow the footsteps of boxing icons like Muhammad Ali and Rocky Marciano who rose to fame and became financially able because of boxing. It can be noted that most of the boxers came from a lowly background; it could be because some view this sport as an avenue to escape from poverty. For boxing aficionados, the level of excitement that the action-packed sport brings is incomparable to any martial arts. But the boxers' dilemma does not vary that much whether they are in the boxing ring at the rural areas or in world-class arenas. But is the few critical injuries incurred in boxing enough to make the authorities decide to ban the sport I'd say, not! Banning boxing because of its close proximity to savage violent behavior is wrong. Prohibiting this sport will defeat its purpose of instilling a sense of disciple particularly in young individuals who are working hard to reach their dream of becoming a world boxing champion. Discipline in a sense that boxing keeps the youth away from engaging in prohibited drugs and other vices. Many of life's lessons are ac